Habitat Restoration
Restoring Balance to Nature
Habitat restoration is the process of transforming degraded natural areas into ecologically healthy and biologically diverse environments. By removing invasive species and reintroducing native plants, we create thriving habitats for birds, wildlife, and humans alike.
Why Is Habitat Restoration Important?
Most woodlands in the Lake Zurich area are dominated by oaks and hickories. When invasive plants such as buckthorn and honeysuckle take over, they block sunlight from reaching tree seedlings, preventing new growth. Over time, older trees die without replacements, leading to the decline of these rare oak woodlands.
Additionally, invasive species like buckthorn produce berries that harm bird populations by causing digestive issues, leading to further seed spread. Without intervention, these natural areas will eventually disappear. Habitat restoration is essential to preserving biodiversity and maintaining healthy ecosystems.
What Are Invasive Species?
Invasive species are plants that spread uncontrollably in environments where they do not naturally belong. They often arrive accidentally from nearby yards or through human activity. These aggressive species outcompete native plants by monopolizing water, nutrients, and sunlight, leading to ecological imbalance.
The Restoration Process
1. Removing Invasive Species
The first step in habitat restoration is eliminating invasive plants:
Woodlands: Invasive trees are cut as close to the ground as possible. Certified team members then apply herbicide to prevent regrowth. Girdling—removing a strip of bark to starve the tree—can also be effective.
Flowering Invasives: Plants like garlic mustard and Canada thistle are manually removed before they produce seeds to prevent spreading.
Wetlands: Invasive species like common reed (phragmites) are controlled using specialized herbicides safe for aquatic environments. Mowing can also help manage their growth.
2. Replanting Native Species
Once invasives are cleared, native seeds suited to the habitat—whether sunny, shady, or wetland—are planted. Many native seeds require an overwintering period to germinate and take a few years to fully establish.
3. Prescribed Burns
Occasional controlled burns help manage invasive species and stimulate the germination of native seeds that have been lying dormant in the soil. This process restores a natural balance, creating a thriving habitat for wildlife and an inviting space for humans to explore.
We advocate for prescribed burns for the villages natural areas, like this burn at the Oak Ridge Marsh Nature Park in the spring of 2014.
The Impact of Restoration
Restoring natural areas enhances biodiversity, improves water filtration, and provides essential habitats for wildlife. By taking action, we ensure that these beautiful, ecologically rich spaces remain for future generations to enjoy.